MARUM Research Academy

The effects of sunscreens on coral reef organisms

Coral reefs are vital marine ecosystems supporting biodiversity and providing essential services to coastal communities. However, these ecosystems are increasingly threatened by global stressors, such as rising seawater temperatures, often combined with local stressors, including pollutants. Of growing concern is pollution, including sunscreens entering the ocean in various ways, whether washing off swimmers and divers or indirectly through wastewater discharge, exposing marine organisms to potentially harmful substances.

My doctoral research focuses on the effects of different sunscreen formulations and ingredients on coral reef organisms, specifically looking at the ecophysiology of soft and hard corals. The project combines laboratory experiments with method development to assess the ecotoxicological impact of commonly used UV filters and other sunscreen ingredients. A key objective is to establish standardised testing protocols to evaluate the safety of sunscreens for corals and identify harmful and more environmentally friendly ingredients.

This work aims to contribute to evidence-based guidelines for environmentally responsible sunscreen formulations by addressing current knowledge gaps and the lack of regulation concerning “coral-safe” labelling. The results will support efforts to protect coral reefs through science-informed consumer and policy recommendations and help establish scientific standards for sunscreen ingredient and formulation testing.